Eristalis

Eristalis

Eristalis is a genus of hoverflies, belonging to the family Syrphidae. These insects are commonly known as drone flies or hoverflies due to their ability to hover in mid-air. The genus Eristalis comprises over 100 species, which are found in various parts of the world, including Europe, North America, and Asia.

Description

Eristalis flies are medium-sized insects, typically measuring around 10-15 millimeters in length. They have a distinctive appearance, resembling bees or wasps, with yellow and black markings on their bodies. However, unlike bees and wasps, Eristalis flies do not possess stingers and are harmless to humans.

Habitat and Distribution

Eristalis flies can be found in a wide range of habitats, including gardens, meadows, and wetlands. They are often attracted to flowers, where they feed on nectar and pollen. These flies are known for their ability to mimic bees, which helps them avoid predation.

The genus Eristalis is distributed worldwide, with different species occupying specific regions. For example, Eristalis tenax, commonly known as the drone fly, is found in Europe, North America, and Asia. Other species, such as Eristalis arbustorum, are more prevalent in Europe.

Life Cycle

Eristalis flies undergo a complete metamorphosis, consisting of four distinct stages: egg, larva, pupa, and adult. The female Eristalis lays her eggs in stagnant water or decaying organic matter, such as compost or manure. The larvae, commonly known as rat-tailed maggots, have a long, tube-like breathing apparatus that allows them to survive in oxygen-depleted environments.

The larval stage of Eristalis flies is crucial for their ecological role as decomposers. They feed on decaying organic material, helping to break it down and recycle nutrients. After a period of development, the larvae pupate and eventually emerge as adult flies.

Ecological Importance

Eristalis flies play a significant role in pollination, as they visit flowers to feed on nectar and pollen. While feeding, they inadvertently transfer pollen from one flower to another, aiding in the fertilization process. This makes them important pollinators for various plant species.

Furthermore, the larval stage of Eristalis flies contributes to nutrient cycling and decomposition. By consuming decaying organic matter, they help break it down into simpler compounds, facilitating the recycling of nutrients back into the ecosystem.

References

1. Smith, K.G.V. "A Manual of Forensic Entomology." Cornell University Press, 1986. 2. Stubbs, A.E. and Falk, S.J. "British Hoverflies: An Illustrated Identification Guide." British Entomological and Natural History Society, 2002.

See Also

• Hoverfly
• Pollination
• Decomposition
• Syrphidae