Eruption cyst

Eruption cyst is a type of dental cyst that occurs in children when a tooth is about to erupt. It is also known as an eruption hematoma.

Overview

An eruption cyst is a soft tissue lesion that covers an erupting tooth. It is typically seen in primary and permanent dentition and is most commonly associated with the first permanent molars and the incisors. The cyst is formed by the accumulation of fluid between the tooth and the dental follicle. This fluid can sometimes be mixed with blood, giving the cyst a blue or purple color, hence it is also referred to as an eruption hematoma.

Causes

The exact cause of an eruption cyst is unknown. However, it is believed to be caused by the accumulation of fluid or blood between the tooth and the dental follicle during the process of tooth eruption. Some factors that may contribute to the formation of an eruption cyst include trauma to the area, inflammation, or infection.

Symptoms

The main symptom of an eruption cyst is a soft, translucent swelling over the area where a tooth is about to erupt. The cyst may be clear, blue, or purple in color. It is usually painless, but it can cause discomfort if it becomes infected or inflamed. Other symptoms may include difficulty in eating or speaking, and a delay in tooth eruption.

Diagnosis

The diagnosis of an eruption cyst is usually made based on the clinical presentation. A dental examination and a review of the patient's medical history are typically sufficient to make a diagnosis. In some cases, a dental X-ray may be used to confirm the diagnosis and rule out other conditions.

Treatment

Treatment for an eruption cyst is usually not necessary, as the cyst typically ruptures on its own when the tooth erupts. However, if the cyst is causing discomfort or if it becomes infected, treatment may be required. This can include draining the cyst or performing a minor surgical procedure to remove the cyst. In some cases, antibiotics may be prescribed to treat an infection.

See also

• Dental cyst
• Tooth eruption
• Dental trauma
• Oral and maxillofacial pathology