Esophageal dilation

Esophageal dilation is a medical procedure used to widen a narrowed section of the esophagus. This condition, known as esophageal stricture, can cause difficulty swallowing and other complications. The procedure is typically performed by a gastroenterologist using a variety of techniques.

Causes of Esophageal Stricture

The most common cause of esophageal stricture is chronic gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), which can lead to inflammation and scarring of the esophagus. Other causes can include radiation therapy, ingestion of corrosive substances, or complications from other medical procedures.

Procedure

Esophageal dilation is typically performed using one of three methods: using a balloon dilator, using a bougie dilator, or through a surgical procedure. The choice of method depends on the specifics of the patient's condition.

Balloon Dilation

In balloon dilation, a balloon is inserted into the esophagus and inflated to stretch the narrowed area. This is typically done under endoscopy, allowing the doctor to directly visualize the procedure.

Bougie Dilation

In bougie dilation, a thin, flexible medical instrument known as a bougie is used. The bougie is coated with a lubricant and then gently pushed down the esophagus to dilate the stricture.

Surgical Dilation

In some cases, surgical intervention may be necessary. This is typically reserved for severe strictures or those that do not respond to other forms of treatment.

Risks and Complications

Like all medical procedures, esophageal dilation carries some risks. These can include esophageal perforation, bleeding, infection, and reactions to anesthesia. However, with experienced practitioners, these risks are generally low.

Aftercare

After the procedure, patients may experience some mild discomfort in the throat, which can usually be managed with over-the-counter pain medication. They are typically advised to eat soft foods for a few days following the procedure.

See Also

• Gastroesophageal reflux disease
• Esophageal stricture
• Endoscopy

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