Ethephon

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Ethephon is a plant growth regulator used in agriculture to promote fruit ripening, flowering, and abscission (the shedding of leaves, flowers, and fruits). It is a synthetic compound that releases ethylene, a natural plant hormone, when metabolized by the plant.

Chemical Properties

Ethephon is chemically known as 2-chloroethylphosphonic acid. Its molecular formula is C2H6ClO3P, and it has a molecular weight of 144.49 g/mol. It is a colorless, water-soluble liquid with a slightly acidic pH.

Mechanism of Action

Ethephon works by penetrating the plant tissues and decomposing to release ethylene gas. Ethylene is a key hormone in plants that regulates various physiological processes, including fruit ripening, flowering, and leaf abscission. When applied to crops, ethephon accelerates these processes, making it a valuable tool in agriculture.

Applications

Ethephon is widely used in the cultivation of various crops, including:

• Tomatoes: To promote uniform ripening.
• Pineapples: To induce flowering and synchronize fruiting.
• Cotton: To facilitate the shedding of leaves before harvest.
• Cereals: To reduce lodging by shortening and strengthening the stems.

Safety and Environmental Impact

Ethephon is considered to be of low toxicity to humans and animals when used according to the recommended guidelines. However, it is essential to follow safety precautions, such as wearing protective clothing and avoiding inhalation or ingestion. The environmental impact of ethephon is minimal, as it breaks down into naturally occurring substances.

Regulation and Approval

Ethephon is approved for use in many countries and is regulated by agricultural and environmental agencies to ensure its safe application. It is essential to adhere to the guidelines provided by these agencies to avoid any adverse effects on human health and the environment.

See Also

• Plant hormone
• Ethylene
• Agriculture
• Fruit ripening
• Abscission