Eucalyptus

Genus of flowering plants in the myrtle family, Myrtaceae

Eucalyptus tereticornis flowers, capsules, buds, and foliage

Eucalyptus leucoxylon

Eucalyptus is a diverse genus of flowering trees and shrubs in the Myrtaceae family, commonly known as gum trees. The genus comprises over 700 species, most of which are native to Australia.

Description

Eucalyptus species are characterized by their aromatic leaves and distinctive bark, which can be smooth, fibrous, or flaky. The leaves are usually evergreen, although some species are deciduous. The flowers are typically white, yellow, pink, or red, and are rich in nectar, attracting a variety of pollinators.

Distribution and Habitat

Eucalyptus trees are predominantly found in Australia, with a few species extending into New Guinea, Indonesia, and the Philippines. They thrive in a range of habitats, from arid regions to rainforests.

Ecology

Eucalyptus trees play a crucial role in their ecosystems. They provide habitat and food for numerous species, including koalas, which feed exclusively on eucalyptus leaves. The trees are also adapted to withstand bushfires, with some species capable of resprouting from epicormic buds after fire damage.

Eucalyptus tetragona with glaucous leaves

Uses

Eucalyptus wood is valued for its durability and is used in construction, furniture, and paper production. The leaves are a source of eucalyptus oil, which is used in medicinal and industrial applications.

Conservation

While many eucalyptus species are widespread and abundant, some are threatened by habitat loss and logging. Conservation efforts focus on protecting natural habitats and promoting sustainable forestry practices.

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Yellow Box blossoms and gumnuts

Cultural Significance

Eucalyptus trees hold cultural significance for Indigenous Australians, who have used them for tools, medicine, and art for thousands of years.

Gallery

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  Eucalyptus camaldulensis seeds

• Logging in Tasmania

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  Epicormic shoots following bushfire

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  Eucalyptus forest

Related pages

• Myrtaceae
• Koala
• Bushfire
• Eucalyptus oil