Eukaryotic translation termination factor 1

Eukaryotic translation termination factor 1 (eRF1), also known as suppressor of frameshift mutations 1 (SUP45), is a protein that in humans is encoded by the ETF1 gene. eRF1 is a key component in the process of protein biosynthesis, specifically in the termination phase of eukaryotic translation.

Function

eRF1 is a GTPase that recognizes and binds to the stop codon at the A-site of the ribosome, thereby triggering the termination of protein synthesis. It works in conjunction with eRF3 (a GTPase) and polypeptide chain release factor to release the newly synthesized protein from the tRNA and ribosome.

Structure

The structure of eRF1 is divided into three domains: N, M, and C. The N domain is responsible for recognizing the stop codon, the M domain interacts with the peptidyl transferase center of the ribosome, and the C domain interacts with eRF3.

Clinical significance

Mutations in the ETF1 gene have been associated with various diseases, including cancer, neurodegenerative diseases, and infertility. Further research is needed to fully understand the role of eRF1 in these conditions.

See also

• Translation (biology)
• Protein biosynthesis
• Gene
• Protein
• Ribosome