Pargyline

Pargyline

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Pargyline is a monoamine oxidase inhibitor (MAOI) that is primarily used as an antihypertensive agent. It works by inhibiting the activity of the enzyme monoamine oxidase, which is responsible for the breakdown of monoamine neurotransmitters such as dopamine, serotonin, and norepinephrine. By inhibiting this enzyme, pargyline increases the levels of these neurotransmitters in the brain, which can help to alleviate symptoms of depression and anxiety.

Mechanism of Action

Pargyline selectively inhibits monoamine oxidase type B (MAO-B), which is primarily involved in the catabolism of dopamine. This inhibition leads to an increase in the levels of dopamine in the brain, which can be beneficial in the treatment of Parkinson's disease and other conditions characterized by low dopamine levels. Additionally, by inhibiting the breakdown of other monoamines, pargyline can also have antidepressant effects.

Medical Uses

Pargyline is used in the treatment of hypertension and has been studied for its potential benefits in treating depression and Parkinson's disease. However, its use has declined with the development of newer medications with fewer side effects.

Side Effects

Common side effects of pargyline include dizziness, headache, nausea, and insomnia. More serious side effects can include hypertensive crisis if taken with foods high in tyramine or certain other medications. Patients taking pargyline must adhere to dietary restrictions to avoid these potentially dangerous interactions.

Interactions

Pargyline can interact with a variety of medications, including other antidepressants, sympathomimetic drugs, and certain anesthetics. It is important for patients to inform their healthcare provider of all medications they are taking to avoid adverse interactions.

History

Pargyline was developed in the mid-20th century and was one of the first MAOIs to be used clinically. Its use has decreased over time due to the development of newer antihypertensive and antidepressant medications with improved safety profiles.

See Also

• Monoamine oxidase inhibitor
• Hypertension
• Depression
• Parkinson's disease
• Dopamine