Polyphagia

Polyphagia
Other names	Hyperphagia
Specialty	Endocrinology, Psychiatry
Symptoms	Excessive hunger, abnormally large intake of solids
Causes	Diabetes, Kleine–Levin syndrome, Prader–Willi syndrome, Bardet–Biedl syndrome, among others

Polyphagia, also known as hyperphagia, refers to excessive hunger or an increased appetite. The term is derived from the Greek words "πολύς" (polys), meaning "very much" or "many", and "φαγῶ" (phago), which translates to "eating" or "devouring".

Medical sign

Polyphagia stands out as a distinctive medical sign indicative of excessive hunger and an abnormally large consumption of solids orally. Numerous disorders can manifest this symptom, ranging from diabetes and Kleine–Levin syndrome — a disorder tied to hypothalamus malfunction — to genetic conditions such as Prader–Willi syndrome and Bardet–Biedl syndrome.

Potential causes

A myriad of conditions and factors can lead to an increased appetite or polyphagia:

• Anxiety: Emotional turmoil or stress can sometimes result in overeating.
• Depression: Changes in appetite, especially an increased desire to eat, can be a symptom of depression.
• Certain drugs: Some medications may cause increased hunger as a side effect.
• Diabetes mellitus: High blood sugar can lead to increased hunger.
• Hyperthyroidism: Overactivity of the thyroid gland can increase appetite.
• Hypoglycemia: Low blood sugar levels can stimulate hunger.
• Premenstrual syndrome: Hormonal changes can lead to increased appetite in some women.
• Prader Willi syndrome: A genetic condition causing insatiable hunger.
• Bulimia: An eating disorder characterized by periods of excessive eating.
• Graves' disease: An autoimmune disease that affects the thyroid.
• Diabetic ketoacidosis: A severe complication of diabetes. Polyphagia is typically an early symptom, but as the condition worsens and ketoacidosis develops, appetite might diminish.

Conclusion

Understanding the underlying cause of polyphagia is crucial for its appropriate management. If someone experiences an unexplained and persistent increase in appetite, it's essential to consult a healthcare professional.

Polyphagia Resources
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