Extraction ratio
Extraction ratio is a term used in pharmacology to describe the proportion of a drug that is removed from the body during its passage through an organ in the body. It is a measure of the efficiency of the organ in extracting the drug from the blood.
Definition[edit | edit source]
The extraction ratio (E) of a drug is defined as the fraction of the drug that is removed from the body during its passage through an organ. It is calculated using the formula:
E = (C_in - C_out) / C_in
where C_in is the concentration of the drug in the blood entering the organ, and C_out is the concentration of the drug in the blood leaving the organ.
Factors affecting extraction ratio[edit | edit source]
The extraction ratio of a drug can be affected by several factors, including:
- The blood flow to the organ: A higher blood flow can increase the extraction ratio, as it allows more of the drug to be exposed to the organ.
- The binding affinity of the drug for the organ: A higher binding affinity can increase the extraction ratio, as it allows more of the drug to be taken up by the organ.
- The metabolic capacity of the organ: A higher metabolic capacity can increase the extraction ratio, as it allows more of the drug to be metabolized and removed from the body.
Clinical significance[edit | edit source]
The extraction ratio of a drug can have important implications for its pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics. For example, drugs with a high extraction ratio are typically cleared from the body more quickly, which can affect their therapeutic effect and side effect profile.
See also[edit | edit source]
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