False morel

False morel is a common name for several species of fungi that resemble the highly sought-after true morels (genus Morchella). False morels can be found in many parts of the world, including North America, Europe, and Asia. They are known for their potentially toxic properties, and their consumption can lead to serious health issues.

Identification

False morels can be distinguished from true morels by their cap structure and stem. The caps of false morels are often wrinkled or wavy, rather than honeycombed like true morels. The stem of a false morel is typically filled with cottony or fibrous tissue, while the stem of a true morel is hollow.

Species

Several species of fungi are commonly referred to as false morels. These include Gyromitra esculenta, Gyromitra caroliniana, and Verpa bohemica. Each of these species has its own unique characteristics and habitat preferences.

Toxicity

False morels contain a toxin known as monomethylhydrazine (MMH), which is also used as a rocket propellant. Consumption of false morels, particularly Gyromitra esculenta, can lead to Gyromitrin poisoning, which can cause symptoms such as nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, and in severe cases, seizures or death.

Preparation and consumption

Despite their toxicity, false morels are eaten in some cultures, particularly in Eastern Europe and Scandinavia. They are usually thoroughly cooked or parboiled to reduce their toxicity. However, even with these precautions, consumption of false morels is not recommended due to the risk of poisoning.

See also

• Mushroom hunting
• Mushroom poisoning
• Edible mushroom