Monomethylhydrazine

Monomethylhydrazine (also known as MMH or 1,1-Dimethylhydrazine) is a volatile, colorless liquid that is used as a rocket propellant and a precursor to pharmaceuticals. It is derived from hydrazine, a simple compound that consists of two nitrogen atoms and two hydrogen atoms.

Chemical Properties

Monomethylhydrazine is a derivative of hydrazine, with one of the hydrogen atoms replaced by a methyl group. It has the chemical formula CH3(NH)NH2. It is a volatile, colorless liquid that is miscible with water and most organic solvents. It has a strong, fishy odor and is highly toxic.

Uses

Monomethylhydrazine is primarily used as a rocket propellant in bipropellant rocket engines because it is hypergolic with various oxidizers such as nitrogen tetroxide (N2O4) and nitric acid (HNO3). It is also used in the manufacture of pharmaceuticals and agricultural chemicals.

Health Effects

Exposure to monomethylhydrazine can cause irritation to the eyes, skin, and respiratory tract. It can also cause headaches, nausea, and dizziness. Long-term exposure can lead to liver and kidney damage. It is also a suspected carcinogen.

Safety

Due to its high reactivity and toxicity, monomethylhydrazine requires careful handling. It should be stored in a cool, well-ventilated area away from sources of ignition. It should also be kept away from oxidizing agents and acids to prevent violent reactions.

See Also

• Hydrazine
• Rocket propellant
• Nitrogen tetroxide
• Nitric acid