Female genital mutilation in the Gambia

Female genital mutilation in the Gambia refers to the practice of female genital mutilation (FGM) within the Gambia, a country in West Africa. FGM involves the partial or total removal of the external female genitalia for non-medical reasons and is recognized internationally as a violation of the human rights of girls and women.

Prevalence

FGM is a deeply rooted cultural practice in the Gambia, with a significant percentage of women and girls undergoing the procedure. According to various reports, the prevalence of FGM in the Gambia is high, with estimates suggesting that a large proportion of women aged 15-49 have been subjected to the practice.

Types of FGM

In the Gambia, the most common types of FGM practiced are Type I (clitoridectomy) and Type II (excision). These procedures are often performed by traditional practitioners using non-sterile instruments, which can lead to severe health complications.

Cultural and Social Context

FGM in the Gambia is often justified by cultural, religious, and social norms. It is seen as a rite of passage for girls and is believed to ensure their chastity and marriageability. The practice is supported by various ethnic groups within the country, including the Mandinka, Fula, and Wolof communities.

Legal Framework

In December 2015, the Gambian government passed a law banning FGM. The Women's (Amendment) Act 2015 criminalizes the practice, with penalties including imprisonment and fines for those who perform or facilitate FGM. Despite the legal ban, enforcement remains a challenge, and the practice continues in some areas.

Health Implications

FGM has severe health implications for women and girls, including immediate complications such as severe pain, bleeding, and infection, as well as long-term consequences like chronic pain, childbirth complications, and psychological trauma.

Efforts to Eradicate FGM

Various organizations, both local and international, are working to eradicate FGM in the Gambia. These efforts include raising awareness about the dangers of FGM, advocating for the enforcement of the legal ban, and providing support to survivors of the practice.

Related Pages

• Female genital mutilation
• Human rights in the Gambia
• Women's rights in the Gambia
• Health in the Gambia
• Child marriage in the Gambia

See Also

• Violence against women
• Reproductive health
• Gender equality