Fish farm

Fish farming or pisciculture involves raising fish commercially in tanks or enclosures such as fish ponds, usually for food. It is the principal form of aquaculture, while other methods may fall under mariculture. A facility that releases juvenile fish into the wild for recreational fishing or to supplement a species' natural numbers is generally referred to as a fish hatchery. Worldwide, the most important fish species produced in fish farming are carp, tilapia, salmon, and catfish.

History

While the origins of fish farming date back to the ancient civilizations of Rome and China, it has become a significant global industry in the last century. The United Nations reports that more than 50% of the world's seafood now comes from fish farms, making it a critical part of our food security strategy.

Methods

There are many different methods of fish farming, including extensive aquaculture, which relies on local photosynthetic production, and intensive aquaculture, which includes the use of fish meal and fish oil. Other methods include integrated multi-trophic aquaculture, which combines different species that provide different ecosystem functions, and recirculating aquaculture systems, which are land-based systems that reuse water.

Issues

Fish farming has both benefits and drawbacks. On the positive side, it can provide a consistent supply of fish for human consumption and help to protect wild fish populations. However, it can also lead to environmental problems, such as water pollution and the spread of diseases to wild fish populations. There are also ethical issues related to the welfare of farmed fish.

Future

The future of fish farming is likely to involve more sustainable practices, such as organic farming and the use of more efficient feed. There is also growing interest in aquaponics, a system that combines fish farming with hydroponics (growing plants in water).