Flurithromycin

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Flurithromycin is a macrolide antibiotic used in the treatment of various bacterial infections. It belongs to the class of macrolide antibiotics, which are known for their broad-spectrum antibacterial activity. Flurithromycin is particularly effective against Gram-positive bacteria and some Gram-negative bacteria.

Mechanism of Action

Flurithromycin works by inhibiting bacterial protein synthesis. It binds to the 50S subunit of the bacterial ribosome, thereby preventing the translocation of peptides during translation. This action effectively halts bacterial growth and replication, making it a bacteriostatic agent.

Pharmacokinetics

Flurithromycin is well-absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract and has a high bioavailability. It is metabolized in the liver and excreted primarily through the kidneys. The drug has a relatively long half-life, which allows for less frequent dosing compared to some other antibiotics.

Clinical Uses

Flurithromycin is used to treat a variety of infections, including:

• Respiratory tract infections
• Skin and soft tissue infections
• Urinary tract infections
• Gastrointestinal infections

Side Effects

Common side effects of flurithromycin include:

• Nausea
• Vomiting
• Diarrhea
• Abdominal pain

Less common but more serious side effects can include:

• Hepatotoxicity
• Allergic reactions
• QT prolongation

Contraindications

Flurithromycin should not be used in patients with a known hypersensitivity to macrolide antibiotics. Caution is advised in patients with pre-existing liver conditions or those taking medications that can prolong the QT interval.

Drug Interactions

Flurithromycin can interact with several other medications, including:

• Warfarin
• Theophylline
• Carbamazepine
• Digoxin

These interactions can lead to increased levels of the co-administered drugs, necessitating careful monitoring and possible dose adjustments.

History

Flurithromycin was developed as a derivative of erythromycin to improve its pharmacokinetic properties and reduce gastrointestinal side effects. It has been used in clinical practice since the late 20th century.

See Also

• Macrolide antibiotics
• Erythromycin
• Clarithromycin
• Azithromycin