Fosinopril

Fosinopril is an angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor (ACE inhibitor) used for the treatment of hypertension and some types of chronic heart failure. Fosinopril is the only phosphinic acid derivative among the ACE inhibitors.

Pharmacology[edit | edit source]

Fosinopril is a prodrug, meaning it is inactive in its administered form and must be metabolized in the body to its active form, fosinoprilat. This conversion is thought to occur in the liver. Fosinoprilat inhibits the angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE), an enzyme that converts angiotensin I to angiotensin II. Angiotensin II is a potent vasoconstrictor, meaning it narrows the blood vessels. By inhibiting the production of angiotensin II, fosinopril causes a decrease in blood pressure and a reduction in the heart's workload.

Clinical Use[edit | edit source]

Fosinopril is used to treat hypertension (high blood pressure), and to reduce the risk of stroke in patients with hypertension and left ventricular hypertrophy. It is also used to treat patients with heart failure, and can improve survival in patients with left ventricular dysfunction after a heart attack.

Side Effects[edit | edit source]

Common side effects of fosinopril include cough, dizziness, and headache. Less common side effects can include chest pain, fatigue, and nausea. Serious side effects can include kidney failure, liver failure, and severe allergic reactions.

Interactions[edit | edit source]

Fosinopril can interact with a number of other medications, including potassium supplements, lithium, and certain diuretics. It is important for patients to inform their healthcare provider of all medications they are taking.