Acetabular fossa

Anatomical feature of the hip bone

The acetabular fossa is a depression located in the center of the acetabulum, which is part of the hip bone. It plays a crucial role in the structure and function of the hip joint.

Anatomy

The acetabular fossa is a non-articular area of the acetabulum. It is situated at the base of the acetabulum and is surrounded by the lunate surface, which is the articular portion of the acetabulum that makes contact with the femoral head. The fossa itself does not articulate with the femoral head and is instead filled with the ligamentum teres and a pad of fat.

Function

The primary function of the acetabular fossa is to provide a space for the ligamentum teres, which is a ligament that extends from the fovea of the femoral head to the acetabular fossa. This ligament plays a role in stabilizing the hip joint, particularly in children. The fat pad within the fossa acts as a cushion and helps to distribute synovial fluid within the joint.

Development

During development, the acetabular fossa forms as part of the ossification process of the hip bone. The acetabulum is formed by the fusion of three bones: the ilium, ischium, and pubis. The acetabular fossa is a result of the incomplete ossification of these bones, leaving a depression in the center of the acetabulum.

Clinical significance

The acetabular fossa is an important landmark in orthopedic surgery, particularly in procedures involving the hip joint such as total hip arthroplasty. Understanding its anatomy is crucial for surgeons to avoid damaging the ligamentum teres and to ensure proper placement of prosthetic components.

Related pages

• Acetabulum
• Hip joint
• Ligamentum teres
• Femoral head

Gallery

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  Anatomy of the hip bone, showing the acetabular fossa.
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  Image of the acetabular fossa in a dissected hip joint.