French Indochina

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French Indochina Indochine française
1887–1954
Flag
French Indochina in 1930 French Indochina in 1930
Status	Federation of French colonial possessions
Capital	Hanoi
Common languages	French, Vietnamese, Khmer, Lao
Governor-General
• 1887–1888	Jean Antoine Ernest Constans
• 1952–1954	Henri Hoppenot
History
• Establishment	17 October 1887
• Japanese occupation	1940–1945
• First Indochina War	1946–1954
• Geneva Conference	21 July 1954
Currency	French Indochinese piastre
Preceded by Succeeded by 20px Đại Nam Kingdom of Cambodia (1863–1953) 20px French protectorate of Laos 20px Nguyễn dynasty State of Vietnam Kingdom of Cambodia Kingdom of Laos

French Indochina (French: Indochine française ) was a grouping of French colonial territories in Southeast Asia. It was established in 1887 and lasted until 1954. The federation included the present-day countries of Vietnam, Laos, and Cambodia.

History

Formation

French Indochina was formed on 17 October 1887 from Annam, Tonkin, Cochinchina, and the Kingdom of Cambodia. Laos was added in 1893. The capital of French Indochina was Hanoi.

Japanese Occupation

During World War II, French Indochina was occupied by Japan. The Japanese occupation lasted from 1940 to 1945, during which time the region experienced significant political and social upheaval.

First Indochina War

After the end of World War II, the First Indochina War broke out between the Viet Minh and the French. The war lasted from 1946 until 1954, culminating in the Geneva Conference, which led to the end of French colonial rule in Indochina.

Administration

French Indochina was administered by a Governor-General, who was appointed by the French government. The federation was divided into several administrative regions, each with its own local government.

Economy

The economy of French Indochina was primarily based on agriculture, with rice being the main export. The French also developed infrastructure, including railways and ports, to facilitate trade.

Culture

French Indochina was a melting pot of cultures, with influences from both the local populations and the French colonizers. The French language was widely used in administration and education.

Legacy

The legacy of French Indochina is still evident in the region today, with French architecture, cuisine, and language continuing to influence the cultures of Vietnam, Laos, and Cambodia.

Related Pages

• Vietnam
• Laos
• Cambodia
• French colonial empire
• First Indochina War
• Geneva Conference (1954)