Fundoplication

Fundoplication is a surgical procedure that aims to strengthen the barrier between the stomach and the esophagus. This is achieved by wrapping the upper part of the stomach (the fundus) around the lower end of the esophagus and stitching it in place. This procedure is often used to treat gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) and hiatal hernia.

Indications

Fundoplication is primarily indicated for the treatment of GERD. This condition occurs when the lower esophageal sphincter (LES) does not close properly and stomach contents leak back, or reflux, into the esophagus. Fundoplication can also be used to treat a hiatal hernia, a condition where the upper part of the stomach bulges through the large muscle separating the abdomen and chest (the diaphragm).

Procedure

During fundoplication, the surgeon wraps the upper part of the stomach around the lower esophagus. This is done to reinforce the closing function of the LES. The procedure can be performed using a laparoscope, an instrument that is inserted through tiny incisions in the abdomen. The surgeon then uses small instruments that hold a camera to look at the abdomen and pelvis. When performed by a skilled surgeon, laparoscopic fundoplication can be very effective.

Risks and Complications

As with any surgery, there are risks associated with fundoplication. These include infection, bleeding, and reaction to anesthesia. Specific complications related to fundoplication may include difficulty swallowing, return of reflux symptoms, bloating and discomfort when burping, and flatulence.

Postoperative Care

After the surgery, patients are usually able to go home within a day and can gradually return to their normal diet. It's important for patients to follow their doctor's instructions on diet and medication closely. Regular follow-up appointments are necessary to monitor recovery.

See Also

• Gastroesophageal reflux disease
• Hiatal hernia
• Laparoscope

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