GDF11

GDF11 or Growth Differentiation Factor 11 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the GDF11 gene. It belongs to the TGF-beta superfamily of proteins.

Function

GDF11 is a highly conserved regulatory protein, which means it controls the activity of other genes. It plays a crucial role in embryonic development, including the development of the anterior/posterior patterning of the vertebrate skeleton, organogenesis, and neurogenesis. It is also involved in the regulation of aging and age-related diseases.

Structure

The GDF11 protein is a dimer, which means it is composed of two identical subunits. Each subunit is made up of a chain of amino acids. The protein is synthesized as a precursor molecule that is subsequently cleaved to form the mature protein.

Role in Aging

Recent studies have suggested that GDF11 levels decline with age and that restoring GDF11 levels in aged mice can reverse some signs of aging, including cardiac hypertrophy and neurodegeneration. However, these findings are controversial and further research is needed to confirm these results and to understand the mechanisms involved.

Clinical Significance

Alterations in the function of GDF11 have been implicated in a variety of diseases, including cancer, cardiovascular disease, and neurodegenerative diseases. Therefore, GDF11 is a potential target for therapeutic interventions in these diseases.

See Also

• Growth differentiation factor
• TGF beta signaling pathway
• Aging
• Regenerative medicine