GPR97

GPR97 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the GPR97 gene. GPR97, also known as adhesion G protein-coupled receptor G1 (ADGRG1), is a member of the adhesion G protein-coupled receptor (aGPCR) family. These receptors are characterized by an extended extracellular region with various domains responsible for protein-protein interactions, which facilitate cell adhesion and communication. GPR97 plays a significant role in various physiological processes and has been implicated in several pathological conditions.

Function

GPR97 is involved in the regulation of immune system functions and development. It is expressed in various tissues, including immune system organs, suggesting its role in immune response modulation. The receptor has been shown to influence the migration and activation of immune cells, which are critical for both innate and adaptive immunity. The exact mechanisms through which GPR97 exerts its effects remain an area of active research, but it is believed to involve the activation of G protein-coupled signaling pathways that influence cellular responses.

Gene and Expression

The GPR97 gene is located on human chromosome 19. The gene undergoes alternative splicing, resulting in multiple transcript variants encoding different isoforms of the receptor. The expression of GPR97 is regulated by various factors, including developmental cues and signals from the immune system, indicating its involvement in a wide range of biological processes.

Clinical Significance

Alterations in the expression or function of GPR97 have been associated with several diseases, including cancer, inflammatory diseases, and autoimmune diseases. For example, overexpression of GPR97 has been observed in certain types of cancer, suggesting a potential role in tumor progression and metastasis. Additionally, due to its role in immune cell regulation, GPR97 is being studied as a potential target for therapeutic interventions in immune-related disorders.

Research Directions

Research on GPR97 is focused on elucidating its signaling mechanisms, ligand interactions, and physiological functions. Understanding the role of GPR97 in disease could lead to the development of novel therapeutic strategies for treating cancer, autoimmune diseases, and other conditions associated with dysregulated immune responses.

See Also

• Adhesion G protein-coupled receptor
• G protein-coupled receptor
• Immune system
• Signal transduction