GRIK2

GRIK2 or Glutamate Ionotropic Receptor Kainate Type Subunit 2 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the GRIK2 gene. It is a member of the kainate family of glutamate receptors, which are composed of four subunits and function as ligand-activated ion channels.

Function

The protein encoded by the GRIK2 gene is a subunit of a kainate glutamate receptor. Glutamate receptors mediate the majority of excitatory neurotransmission in the brain. This receptor may have a role in synaptic plasticity, a process that underlies learning and memory. It is thought to interact with other proteins, like Neto1 and Neto2, to regulate kainate receptor function.

Clinical significance

Mutations in the GRIK2 gene have been associated with several neurological disorders, including autism, schizophrenia, and bipolar disorder. Studies have also suggested a potential role in the development and progression of Parkinson's disease.

Structure

The GRIK2 protein is a transmembrane protein, meaning it spans the membrane of the cells in which it is expressed. It is composed of several domains, including an extracellular domain, a transmembrane domain, and an intracellular domain. The extracellular domain is responsible for binding to glutamate, while the transmembrane domain forms the ion channel.

See also

• Glutamate receptor
• Kainate receptor
• Neurotransmission
• Synaptic plasticity