Gallop

Gallop is a term used in medicine to describe a specific type of heart rhythm. It is characterized by the presence of three or four sounds in each cardiac cycle, resembling the sound of a galloping horse. Gallop rhythms can be a sign of various cardiac conditions, including congestive heart failure and cardiomyopathy.

Types of Gallop

There are two types of gallop rhythms: the S3 gallop and the S4 gallop.

The S3 gallop is a low-frequency sound that occurs in early diastole, immediately after the S2 heart sound. It is often associated with conditions that cause rapid ventricular filling, such as congestive heart failure and mitral regurgitation.

The S4 gallop is a low-frequency sound that occurs in late diastole, just before the S1 heart sound. It is often associated with conditions that cause increased resistance to ventricular filling, such as hypertension, aortic stenosis, and ischemic heart disease.

Clinical Significance

The presence of a gallop rhythm can be a significant finding in a physical examination. It can indicate the presence of underlying cardiac disease and can help guide further diagnostic testing and treatment. However, it is important to note that not all gallop rhythms are pathological. For example, an S3 gallop can be a normal finding in children, young adults, and pregnant women.

See Also

• Heart sounds
• Cardiac cycle
• Congestive heart failure
• Cardiomyopathy

References

Gallop Resources
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