Gamma-valerolactone

Gamma-Valerolactone (GVL) is an organic compound and a lactone, with the molecular formula C₅H₈O₂. It is a colorless liquid with a mild fruity odor, and is used as a solvent and in the manufacture of various chemicals.

Chemical Properties

Gamma-Valerolactone is a hydrophilic solvent with good chemical and thermal stability. It is miscible with water and most organic solvents, and is a suitable solvent for a variety of applications, including polymerization reactions, biodiesel production, and the manufacture of pharmaceuticals and cosmetics.

Production

Gamma-Valerolactone can be produced from levulinic acid, which is derived from cellulose. The conversion of levulinic acid to gamma-valerolactone is typically carried out in the presence of a catalyst, such as ruthenium on carbon, at elevated temperatures.

Applications

Gamma-Valerolactone has a wide range of applications. It is used as a solvent in the production of polyvinyl chloride (PVC), polyurethanes, and acrylic resins. It is also used in the manufacture of pharmaceuticals, cosmetics, and food additives. In addition, gamma-valerolactone can be used as a potential biofuel, as it can be produced from renewable resources and has properties similar to those of petroleum-based fuels.

Safety

Gamma-Valerolactone is generally considered to be of low toxicity. However, it can cause irritation to the eyes, skin, and respiratory tract, and prolonged or repeated exposure can lead to more serious health effects. As with all chemicals, it should be handled with appropriate safety precautions.

See Also

• Levulinic acid
• Lactone
• Biofuel
• Pharmaceuticals