Geography of Saint Helena

Topographic_map_of_Saint_Helena-en

St-Helena-The_Barn

Lot_and_Lot's_Wife_in_background

Saint_Helena_Island

SaintHelena2021OSM

== Geography of Saint Helena ==

Saint Helena is a remote volcanic tropical island in the South Atlantic Ocean. It is part of the British Overseas Territory of Saint Helena, Ascension and Tristan da Cunha. The island is located approximately 1,950 kilometers (1,210 miles) west of the coast of Angola, in southwestern Africa, and about 4,000 kilometers (2,500 miles) east of Brazil in South America.

Topography[edit | edit source]

Saint Helena is characterized by rugged terrain and a diverse topography. The island's highest point is Diana's Peak, which rises to 818 meters (2,684 feet) above sea level. The island's landscape includes steep cliffs, deep valleys, and lush vegetation, particularly in the central and eastern parts of the island. The coastal areas are generally rocky with few sandy beaches.

Climate[edit | edit source]

The climate of Saint Helena is classified as tropical, with mild temperatures moderated by the surrounding ocean. The island experiences a subtropical climate with two distinct seasons: a warm, wet season from November to April and a cooler, dry season from May to October. The average annual temperature ranges from 17°C (63°F) to 24°C (75°F).

Flora and Fauna[edit | edit source]

Saint Helena is home to a unique and diverse range of flora and fauna, many of which are endemic to the island. The island's vegetation includes a mix of native and introduced species. Notable endemic plants include the Saint Helena Redwood, Saint Helena Olive, and the Saint Helena Ebony. The island also supports a variety of bird species, including the endemic Saint Helena Plover, also known as the "Wirebird."

Human Geography[edit | edit source]

The capital and largest settlement on Saint Helena is Jamestown, located on the northwestern coast of the island. Other notable settlements include Longwood and Half Tree Hollow. The island has a small population, with most residents living in or around Jamestown.

Economy[edit | edit source]

The economy of Saint Helena is primarily based on tourism, fishing, and agriculture. The island's remote location and limited resources have historically posed challenges to economic development. However, the opening of the Saint Helena Airport in 2016 has improved accessibility and boosted tourism.