Insulin glargine
(Redirected from Glargine)
Insulin Glargine[edit | edit source]
Insulin Glargine, commonly known under the brand name Lantus, is a long-acting insulin analog used to control blood sugar levels in patients with diabetes. This laboratory-made hormone is designed to provide more consistent blood sugar control compared to regular insulin.
Overview[edit | edit source]
Insulin Glargine is a recombinant form of insulin, used primarily for the management of Type 1 and Type 2 diabetes. It helps in regulating the metabolism of carbohydrates, fats, and proteins by promoting the absorption of glucose from the blood into liver, fat, and skeletal muscle cells.
Chemical Structure and Function[edit | edit source]
Insulin Glargine differs from human insulin in its amino acid sequence, which results in a lower solubility at physiological pH. This feature allows for a slower and more predictable absorption rate, ensuring a consistent insulin level for a longer period.
Clinical Use[edit | edit source]
Indications[edit | edit source]
- Management of Type 1 diabetes
- Management of Type 2 diabetes, particularly in cases where blood sugar is not adequately controlled by oral antidiabetic drugs
Administration[edit | edit source]
- Administered via subcutaneous injection
- Typically used once daily, often at bedtime
Comparisons with Other Insulins[edit | edit source]
Compared to short-acting insulin, Insulin Glargine provides a more stable, peakless, and prolonged insulin release, reducing the risk of nocturnal hypoglycemia.
Side Effects and Precautions[edit | edit source]
While generally well-tolerated, Insulin Glargine may cause side effects such as:
- Hypoglycemia (low blood sugar)
- Injection site reactions
- Allergic reactions in rare cases
Patients should monitor blood sugar levels regularly and adjust the dose under medical supervision.
Pharmacological Classification[edit | edit source]
Insulin Glargine is classified as a long-acting insulin analog and falls under the category of therapeutic insulin.
Development and Approval[edit | edit source]
Developed by Sanofi-Aventis, Insulin Glargine was first approved for medical use in the United States in 2000. Since then, it has become a widely used insulin analog worldwide.
References[edit | edit source]
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