Glycine transporter 2

Glycine transporter 2 (also known as GlyT2) is a protein that in humans is encoded by the SLC6A5 gene. It is a member of the sodium:neurotransmitter symporter family, which plays a critical role in the reuptake of the neurotransmitter glycine from the synaptic cleft.

Function

GlyT2 is primarily found in the central nervous system (CNS), where it is localized to the axon terminals of glycinergic neurons. It functions to terminate the action of glycine by its high affinity sodium-dependent reuptake into presynaptic terminals.

Clinical significance

Mutations in the SLC6A5 gene are associated with hyperekplexia, a neurological disorder characterized by an excessive startle response. This is due to the impaired reuptake of glycine, leading to an increase in the concentration of glycine in the synaptic cleft and thus an overactivation of glycine receptors.

Pharmacology

Several GlyT2 inhibitors have been developed for potential therapeutic use. These include ALX-1393, a selective GlyT2 inhibitor that has been shown to increase synaptic glycine concentrations and enhance the activity of glycine receptors.

See also

• Glycine transporter 1
• Neurotransmitter transporter