Glycine transporter 1

Glycine transporter 1 (also known as GlyT1) is a protein that in humans is encoded by the SLC6A9 gene. It is a member of the sodium:neurotransmitter symporter family, which plays a critical role in the reuptake of the neurotransmitter glycine from the synaptic cleft.

Function

GlyT1 is primarily located in the central nervous system, including the brain and spinal cord, where it controls the concentration of glycine. By doing so, it regulates the inhibitory and excitatory neurotransmission of glycine. It is also found in the peripheral nervous system, where it plays a role in pain perception.

Clinical significance

Alterations in the function or expression of GlyT1 have been implicated in several neurological disorders, including schizophrenia, obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), and neuropathic pain. Inhibitors of GlyT1, such as bitopertin, are being investigated as potential treatments for these conditions.

Pharmacology

Several drugs have been developed to inhibit the function of GlyT1. These include sarcosine, a natural amino acid, and bitopertin, a synthetic compound. These drugs increase the concentration of glycine in the synaptic cleft, enhancing the activity of NMDA receptors and potentially improving symptoms in conditions such as schizophrenia and OCD.

See also

• Glycine transporter 2
• Neurotransmitter transporter
• Sodium:neurotransmitter symporter