Guaiacum officinale
A detailed article about the medicinal plant Guaiacum officinale
Guaiacum officinale[edit | edit source]
Guaiacum officinale, commonly known as lignum vitae, is a species of flowering plant in the family Zygophyllaceae. It is native to the Caribbean and the northern coast of South America. This plant is renowned for its hard, dense wood and its medicinal properties.
Description[edit | edit source]
Guaiacum officinale is a small, slow-growing tree that typically reaches a height of 6 to 10 meters. The tree has a dense, rounded crown and a short trunk. The bark is smooth and grayish-brown, while the leaves are compound, with 2 to 3 pairs of leaflets that are dark green and glossy.
The flowers of Guaiacum officinale are bright blue and appear in clusters. Each flower has five petals and is about 2 centimeters in diameter. The fruit is a capsule that contains 1 to 3 seeds.
Distribution and habitat[edit | edit source]
Guaiacum officinale is found in dry, coastal forests and scrublands. It is native to the Greater Antilles, the northern coast of South America, and parts of Central America. The tree is well adapted to sandy and rocky soils and can tolerate drought conditions.
Uses[edit | edit source]
Medicinal uses[edit | edit source]
Guaiacum officinale has been used in traditional medicine for centuries. The resin, known as guaiacum resin, is obtained from the wood and is used for its anti-inflammatory and analgesic properties. It has been used to treat conditions such as arthritis, rheumatism, and syphilis.
Wood[edit | edit source]
The wood of Guaiacum officinale is extremely hard and dense, making it valuable for various applications. It is used in the manufacture of bowling balls, pulleys, and bushings due to its self-lubricating properties. The wood is also used in woodturning and for making musical instruments.
Conservation status[edit | edit source]
Guaiacum officinale is listed as Near Threatened on the IUCN Red List due to overexploitation for its wood and medicinal properties. Conservation efforts are underway to protect this species and its habitat.
Related pages[edit | edit source]
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Contributors: Prab R. Tumpati, MD
