Guanosine triphosphate

Guanosine triphosphate (GTP) is a purine nucleotide that plays a significant role in various biological processes. It is one of the building blocks required for the synthesis of RNA during the transcription process. GTP also has functions in protein synthesis and signal transduction.

Structure

Guanosine triphosphate is composed of the base guanine attached to the sugar ribose with three phosphate groups attached at the 5' position. The three phosphates are referred to as the alpha (α), beta (β), and gamma (γ) phosphates.

Function

GTP is involved in a number of critical cellular processes:

• Protein synthesis: GTP provides the energy for the formation of the peptide bonds during protein synthesis.
• Signal transduction: GTP is used by G-proteins as a source of energy for signal transduction.
• RNA synthesis: GTP acts as a substrate for RNA synthesis during the transcription process.

Role in Disease

Alterations in GTP metabolism have been linked to a number of diseases, including cancer, cardiovascular disease, and neurodegenerative diseases.

See Also

• Adenosine triphosphate
• Cytidine triphosphate
• Thymidine triphosphate
• Uridine triphosphate

References

Guanosine triphosphate Resources
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