HLA-B46

HLA-B46 is a human leukocyte antigen serotype within the HLA-B serotype group. The serotype is determined by the antibody recognition of antigens. HLA-B46 is a split antigen of the broad antigen HLA-B12, and it is more common in individuals from Southeast Asia.

Structure and Function

HLA-B46 is a cell surface protein that plays a crucial role in the regulation of the immune system in humans. It is part of the HLA class I heavy chain paralogues. This class I molecule is a heterodimer consisting of a heavy chain and a light chain (beta-2 microglobulin). The heavy chain is approximately 45 kDa and its gene contains 8 exons. The heavy chain is anchored in the membrane. Class I molecules play a central role in the immune system by presenting peptides derived from the endoplasmic reticulum lumen.

Distribution and Disease Association

HLA-B46 is most commonly found in populations in Southeast Asia, including the Chinese and Thai populations. It has been associated with an increased susceptibility to HIV infection and faster progression to AIDS.

HLA-B46 has also been linked to a higher risk of developing Graves' disease, an autoimmune disorder that results in the overproduction of thyroid hormones.

See Also

• HLA-B
• HLA-B12
• Human leukocyte antigen
• Graves' disease