HLA-B49

HLA-B49 is a human leukocyte antigen (HLA) serotype. The HLA system is a group of genes that play a crucial role in the regulation of the immune system. HLA-B49 is part of the HLA-B locus, a subcategory of HLA class I molecules.

Structure and Function

HLA-B49 is a cell surface protein that presents peptides derived from the endoplasmic reticulum lumen. It is expressed in almost all cells, with the exception of red blood cells and platelets. The primary function of HLA-B49 is to bind to peptide fragments derived from pathogens and display them on the cell surface for recognition by the appropriate T-cells.

Genetics

HLA-B49 is encoded by the HLA-B*49 gene allele, a variant form of the HLA-B gene. The HLA-B locus is highly polymorphic, meaning it has many different alleles, each encoding a distinct HLA-B molecule. The HLA-B*49 allele is associated with certain diseases, including autoimmune diseases and infectious diseases.

Clinical Significance

HLA-B49 has been associated with a number of diseases. For example, it has been linked to an increased risk of celiac disease, a condition characterized by an immune response to gluten. It is also associated with certain types of cancer, including melanoma and leukemia.

See Also

• HLA-B
• Human leukocyte antigen
• Celiac disease
• Autoimmune diseases
• Infectious diseases

References

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