HLA-Cw 15
HLA-Cw 15[edit | edit source]
HLA-Cw 15 is a specific allele of the HLA-C gene, which is part of the human leukocyte antigen (HLA) system. The HLA system plays a critical role in the immune system by helping the body distinguish between self and non-self molecules. HLA-Cw 15 is one of the many alleles that can be found at the HLA-C locus on chromosome 6.
Structure and Function[edit | edit source]
HLA-Cw 15, like other HLA-C alleles, encodes a protein that is expressed on the surface of most nucleated cells. This protein is a class I major histocompatibility complex (MHC) molecule, which presents endogenous peptides to CD8+ T cells. The interaction between HLA-C molecules and T cell receptors is crucial for the immune system's ability to detect and respond to infected or malignant cells.
Genetic Variability[edit | edit source]
The HLA-C locus is highly polymorphic, meaning there are many different alleles, such as HLA-Cw 15, that can be present in the human population. This genetic diversity is important for the adaptability of the immune system, allowing it to recognize a wide array of pathogens.
Clinical Significance[edit | edit source]
HLA-Cw 15, like other HLA alleles, can be involved in various clinical conditions:
- Transplantation: HLA-Cw 15 typing is important in organ transplantation to ensure compatibility between donor and recipient, reducing the risk of graft rejection.
- Autoimmune Diseases: Certain HLA-C alleles, including HLA-Cw 15, have been associated with autoimmune diseases. For example, HLA-Cw 15 has been studied in relation to psoriasis and ankylosing spondylitis.
- Infectious Diseases: The presence of specific HLA-C alleles can influence susceptibility to infectious diseases, such as HIV and hepatitis C.
Population Distribution[edit | edit source]
The frequency of HLA-Cw 15 varies among different populations. Studies have shown that certain alleles, including HLA-Cw 15, may be more prevalent in specific ethnic groups, which can have implications for disease prevalence and treatment strategies.
Also see[edit | edit source]
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