HLA-DQ8

HLA-DQ8 is a human leukocyte antigen serotype within the HLA-DQ (DQ) serotype group. The DQ8 serotype is determined by the DQA1*03:xx, DQB1*03:02 and DQB1*04:02 alleles. HLA-DQ8 is associated with several autoimmune diseases, including type 1 diabetes, celiac disease, and rheumatoid arthritis.

Structure and Function

HLA-DQ8 is a cell surface receptor protein found on antigen presenting cells. It is involved in the immune system's response to foreign substances. The DQ8 molecule is a heterodimer, consisting of a DQ α chain and a DQ β chain. The DQ α chain is encoded by the DQA1*03:xx allele, and the DQ β chain is encoded by the DQB1*03:02 or DQB1*04:02 allele.

Disease Associations

HLA-DQ8 is associated with several autoimmune diseases. These include:

• Type 1 diabetes: HLA-DQ8 is present in approximately 90% of individuals with type 1 diabetes. It is thought to contribute to disease susceptibility by presenting specific antigens to T cells, leading to an autoimmune response against insulin-producing cells.

• Celiac disease: HLA-DQ8 and HLA-DQ2 are the two main HLA types associated with celiac disease. Approximately 5% of individuals with celiac disease carry HLA-DQ8.

• Rheumatoid arthritis: HLA-DQ8 is associated with an increased risk of developing rheumatoid arthritis, particularly in individuals who also carry the HLA-DR4 allele.

Testing and Treatment

Testing for HLA-DQ8 is typically performed using molecular techniques such as PCR. This can help to identify individuals at risk of developing associated autoimmune diseases. Treatment for these diseases typically involves managing symptoms and preventing complications, and may include dietary modifications, medication, and in some cases, surgery.

File:HLA-DQ8.png

Structure of HLA-DQ8

See Also

• Human leukocyte antigen
• Autoimmune disease
• Type 1 diabetes
• Celiac disease
• Rheumatoid arthritis

References

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