Habitual abortion
Habitual Abortion is a medical condition characterized by the occurrence of three or more miscarriages consecutively, usually before 20 weeks of gestation. It is also known as recurrent pregnancy loss, recurrent miscarriage, or recurrent spontaneous abortion.
Causes[edit | edit source]
The causes of habitual abortion are diverse and can be categorized into genetic, anatomical, hormonal, infectious, and immunological.
- Genetic Factors: Chromosomal abnormalities in the parents can lead to recurrent miscarriages. These abnormalities can be balanced translocations, inversions, or other structural changes in the chromosomes.
- Anatomical Factors: Structural abnormalities in the uterus such as uterine fibroids, uterine septum, or uterine adhesions can lead to recurrent miscarriages.
- Hormonal Factors: Conditions such as polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), thyroid disorders, and diabetes can increase the risk of recurrent miscarriages.
- Infectious Factors: Certain infections including toxoplasmosis, rubella, cytomegalovirus, herpes simplex virus, and chlamydia can cause recurrent miscarriages.
- Immunological Factors: Certain autoimmune disorders such as antiphospholipid syndrome (APS) and lupus can lead to recurrent miscarriages.
Diagnosis[edit | edit source]
The diagnosis of habitual abortion involves a thorough medical history, physical examination, and various diagnostic tests. These tests may include karyotyping of both partners, hysterosalpingogram (HSG), hysteroscopy, laparoscopy, endometrial biopsy, and various blood tests.
Treatment[edit | edit source]
The treatment of habitual abortion depends on the underlying cause. Treatment options may include genetic counseling, surgery for anatomical abnormalities, hormone therapy, antibiotics for infections, and immunosuppressive therapy for autoimmune disorders.
Prognosis[edit | edit source]
The prognosis of habitual abortion varies depending on the underlying cause and the specific treatment provided. With appropriate treatment, many women with habitual abortion can go on to have successful pregnancies.
See Also[edit | edit source]
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Contributors: Prab R. Tumpati, MD
