Health effects of salt

Health effects of salt refers to the influence of salt intake on human health. Salt, chemically known as sodium chloride, is a mineral essential for life, and it plays a crucial role in various bodily functions. However, excessive consumption of salt can lead to a range of health issues, including high blood pressure, heart disease, and stroke.

Overview

Salt is a primary source of sodium and chloride ions in the human diet. Sodium is necessary for maintaining fluid balance, nerve transmission, and muscle function. Chloride ions, on the other hand, help in maintaining acid-base balance, transmitting nerve impulses, and facilitating digestion.

Health Risks

Excessive salt intake can lead to a condition known as hypernatremia, characterized by an abnormally high amount of sodium in the blood. This can cause increased blood volume and, consequently, high blood pressure. Over time, high blood pressure can damage the heart and blood vessels, leading to heart disease and stroke.

Recommended Intake

The World Health Organization (WHO) recommends a maximum intake of 5 grams of salt per day for adults. This is equivalent to approximately one teaspoon. For children, the recommended intake is lower and varies depending on their age, size, and energy requirements.

Reducing Salt Intake

There are several strategies to reduce salt intake. These include eating fresh, unprocessed foods, reducing the use of salt in cooking and at the table, and choosing products with lower sodium content. Public health initiatives also play a crucial role in promoting reduced salt intake.

See Also

• Sodium
• Dietary Guidelines for Sodium
• Hypertension
• Cardiovascular Disease