Helicine arteries of penis

Helicine Arteries of Penis

Diagram of the arteries of the penis. The helicine arteries are visible as the smaller branches coming off the main arteries.

The Helicine Arteries of Penis are a group of small arteries in the penis that play a crucial role in the process of erection. These arteries, also known as spiral arteries, are branches of the deep artery of the penis and are responsible for the blood supply to the erectile tissue of the penis.

Anatomy

The helicine arteries are located within the corpora cavernosa and corpus spongiosum of the penis. They originate from the deep artery of the penis, which is a branch of the internal pudendal artery. These arteries are unique in their structure, as they have a helical or spiral shape, hence the name 'helicine'.

Function

The primary function of the helicine arteries is to supply blood to the erectile tissues of the penis. During an erection, these arteries dilate, allowing an increased flow of blood into the penis. This process is controlled by the parasympathetic nervous system, which triggers the release of nitric oxide in the endothelial cells lining the helicine arteries. Nitric oxide causes the smooth muscle in the arterial wall to relax, leading to dilation of the arteries and increased blood flow.

Clinical Significance

Dysfunction of the helicine arteries can lead to erectile dysfunction. Conditions such as atherosclerosis can cause narrowing of these arteries, reducing blood flow to the penis and making it difficult to achieve an erection. Treatment options for such conditions include medications that increase nitric oxide production, such as sildenafil (Viagra), and surgical interventions like penile implant surgery.

See Also

• Arteries of the pelvis
• Erection
• Erectile dysfunction