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Heller myotomy is a surgical procedure used primarily to treat achalasia, a disorder of the esophagus characterized by difficulty swallowing. The procedure was first described by Ernst Heller in 1913 and has since been modified and improved upon.

History

The Heller myotomy was first described by German surgeon Ernst Heller in 1913. Heller initially performed the procedure through an open surgery approach, but with advancements in medical technology, the procedure is now commonly performed using minimally invasive surgery techniques.

Procedure

The Heller myotomy procedure involves cutting the muscle at the lower end of the esophagus to allow food and liquid to pass more easily into the stomach. The procedure is typically performed under general anesthesia and can be done either through an open surgery or a minimally invasive approach.

In the minimally invasive approach, small incisions are made in the abdomen and a laparoscope is inserted. The surgeon then uses special surgical instruments to cut the muscle at the lower end of the esophagus. This helps to relieve the symptoms of achalasia by allowing food and liquid to pass more easily into the stomach.

Risks and Complications

Like all surgical procedures, the Heller myotomy carries some risks. These can include infection, bleeding, and damage to surrounding organs. There is also a risk of gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) following the procedure, as the lower esophageal sphincter is often unable to close properly after the muscle has been cut.

Postoperative Care

After the procedure, patients are typically monitored in the hospital for a short period of time. They may be given medications to manage pain and prevent infection. Patients are usually advised to follow a liquid diet for a few days after the procedure, gradually reintroducing solid foods as their esophagus heals.

See Also

• Achalasia
• Esophagus
• Gastroesophageal reflux disease
• Laparoscope
• Minimally invasive surgery