Minimally invasive surgery

Minimally invasive surgery (MIS), also known as less invasive surgery, is a modern surgical technique in which operations are performed through small incisions elsewhere in the body using miniaturized instruments. This is in contrast to procedures in traditional open surgery, which typically require large incisions to access the area of interest.

History

The concept of minimally invasive surgery dates back to 1805, when Philipp Bozzini made the first attempt to create an endoscope. It was not until the 20th century that more modern techniques and instruments were developed, allowing for the widespread use of minimally invasive procedures.

Types of Minimally Invasive Surgery

There are several types of minimally invasive surgery, including laparoscopic surgery, robotic surgery, and endovascular surgery. Each of these techniques has its own advantages and disadvantages, and the choice of technique often depends on the specific condition being treated and the surgeon's expertise.

Laparoscopic Surgery

In laparoscopic surgery, the surgeon makes several small incisions and inserts thin tubes called trocars. A camera and light are passed through one of the tubes, allowing the surgeon to view the surgical area on a monitor. The other tubes are used to pass surgical instruments.

Robotic Surgery

Robotic surgery is a type of minimally invasive surgery in which the surgeon uses a computer to control robotic arms that perform the surgery. The surgeon views the surgical area on a 3D monitor.

Endovascular Surgery

Endovascular surgery is a type of minimally invasive surgery that involves making a small incision near a blood vessel, through which a catheter is passed. The catheter is guided to the area of interest, where it can be used to perform a variety of procedures.

Advantages and Disadvantages

Minimally invasive surgery has several advantages over traditional open surgery, including less pain, shorter hospital stays, quicker recovery times, and less scarring. However, it also has some disadvantages, such as a higher cost and the need for specialized training and equipment.

See Also

• Surgery
• Endoscopy
• Microsurgery

References

Minimally invasive surgery Resources
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