Haemodialysis-associated amyloidosis

Haemodialysis-associated amyloidosis is a type of amyloidosis that is commonly seen in patients who have been on haemodialysis for a long period of time. This condition is characterized by the accumulation of beta-2 microglobulin in the body's tissues.

Overview

Haemodialysis-associated amyloidosis is a complication of long-term haemodialysis, a treatment for kidney failure. During haemodialysis, waste products are removed from the blood. However, beta-2 microglobulin, a protein that is normally filtered out by the kidneys, is not effectively removed. Over time, this protein can build up in the blood and deposit in tissues, leading to amyloidosis.

Symptoms

The symptoms of haemodialysis-associated amyloidosis can vary, but often include joint pain, carpal tunnel syndrome, and bone cysts. In severe cases, it can lead to fractures and joint destruction.

Diagnosis

The diagnosis of haemodialysis-associated amyloidosis is typically made based on the patient's symptoms and history of long-term haemodialysis. Imaging tests, such as MRI or CT scan, may be used to detect deposits of beta-2 microglobulin in the tissues. In some cases, a biopsy may be performed to confirm the diagnosis.

Treatment

The treatment for haemodialysis-associated amyloidosis primarily involves managing the symptoms. This may include pain management, physical therapy, and in some cases, surgery to remove large deposits of beta-2 microglobulin. In addition, efforts are made to improve the efficiency of haemodialysis to reduce the accumulation of beta-2 microglobulin in the blood.

Prevention

The best way to prevent haemodialysis-associated amyloidosis is to prevent kidney failure. This can be achieved through a healthy lifestyle, including a balanced diet, regular exercise, and avoiding harmful substances such as tobacco and alcohol. In patients already on haemodialysis, the use of high-flux dialysis membranes can help to remove more beta-2 microglobulin from the blood, potentially reducing the risk of amyloidosis.

See also

• Amyloidosis
• Haemodialysis
• Kidney failure
• Beta-2 microglobulin

Haemodialysis-associated amyloidosis Resources
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