Hepatocytes

Hepatocytes are the primary cells of the liver, and they play a significant role in the body's metabolic, detoxification, and protein synthesis processes. They make up about 80% of the liver's cytoplasmic mass, and their unique functions are essential for the body's overall health.

Function

Hepatocytes are responsible for the production of bile, a substance that aids in digestion. They also play a crucial role in the metabolism of proteins, carbohydrates, and lipids. Additionally, they are involved in the detoxification of the body, breaking down harmful substances like alcohol and drugs.

Hepatocytes also synthesize many important proteins, including albumin, fibrinogen, and prothrombin. These proteins are vital for blood clotting and maintaining the body's fluid balance.

Structure

Hepatocytes are large, polygonal cells that have a unique structure. They have a central nucleus and numerous organelles, including mitochondria, endoplasmic reticulum, and Golgi apparatus. The cells are also characterized by their numerous microvilli, which increase their surface area and enhance their absorptive capabilities.

Diseases

Diseases that affect hepatocytes can have serious implications for the body's overall health. These include hepatitis, cirrhosis, and liver cancer. Hepatitis, an inflammation of the liver, can lead to the death of hepatocytes and impair the liver's ability to function properly. Cirrhosis, a condition characterized by the replacement of healthy liver tissue with scar tissue, can also lead to the loss of hepatocyte function. Liver cancer, which often originates in hepatocytes, is a serious condition that can be life-threatening.

Treatment

Treatment for diseases affecting hepatocytes typically involves addressing the underlying cause of the disease. This may involve medication, lifestyle changes, or in severe cases, liver transplantation.

See also

• Liver
• Hepatitis
• Cirrhosis
• Liver cancer

References

Hepatocytes Resources
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