Hermitage

Hermitage Grapes

The term "Hermitage" refers to a renowned wine appellation in the northern Rhône region of France, known for its distinctive and high-quality wines. The primary grape varieties used in Hermitage wines are Syrah, Marsanne, and Roussanne. This article will explore the characteristics, cultivation, and historical significance of these grape varieties in the context of Hermitage wines.

Syrah

Syrah is the dominant grape variety in the Hermitage appellation, particularly for red wines. It is known for producing full-bodied wines with rich flavors and complex aromas. Syrah grapes thrive in the granite soils and steep slopes of the Hermitage hill, benefiting from the region's continental climate.

Characteristics

Syrah wines from Hermitage are characterized by their deep color, robust tannins, and flavors of dark fruits such as blackberry and plum. They often exhibit notes of black pepper, smoked meat, and earthy undertones. With age, these wines develop additional complexity, revealing aromas of leather, truffle, and spice.

Cultivation

The cultivation of Syrah in Hermitage involves careful vineyard management to ensure optimal ripeness and concentration. The vines are typically trained on terraces to maximize sun exposure and drainage. Harvesting is done by hand to select only the best grapes, which are then fermented in temperature-controlled conditions to preserve their aromatic qualities.

Marsanne

Marsanne is one of the primary white grape varieties used in Hermitage wines, often blended with Roussanne. It contributes to the richness and body of the wine, providing flavors of stone fruits and nuts.

Characteristics

Marsanne wines are known for their golden color and full-bodied texture. They offer flavors of apricot, pear, and almond, with a characteristic waxy or oily mouthfeel. As they age, Marsanne wines can develop complex notes of honey and marzipan.

Cultivation

Marsanne vines are well-suited to the warm, dry conditions of the Hermitage region. They are typically planted on well-drained soils to prevent excessive vigor and ensure concentration of flavors. The grapes are harvested at optimal ripeness to balance acidity and sugar levels.

Roussanne

Roussanne is often blended with Marsanne to create the white wines of Hermitage. It is valued for its aromatic qualities and ability to add elegance and complexity to the blend.

Characteristics

Roussanne wines are aromatic, with floral notes of honeysuckle and herbal hints of tea and chamomile. They have a crisp acidity that balances the richness of Marsanne, contributing to a harmonious blend.

Cultivation

Roussanne is a challenging grape to cultivate due to its susceptibility to disease and uneven ripening. However, when grown successfully, it produces wines of great finesse and longevity. In Hermitage, careful vineyard management and selective harvesting are essential to achieving high-quality Roussanne grapes.

Historical Significance

The Hermitage appellation has a long and storied history, with viticulture dating back to Roman times. The wines of Hermitage have been celebrated for centuries, often regarded as some of the finest in the world. The unique terroir, characterized by its granite soils and favorable microclimate, contributes to the distinctive qualities of Hermitage wines.

The name "Hermitage" is believed to originate from a legend about a hermit who lived on the hill and cultivated vines. Over time, the wines gained a reputation for excellence, attracting the attention of royalty and connoisseurs alike.

See Also

• Rhône wine
• French wine
• Viticulture

References

• "The Wines of the Northern Rhône" by John Livingstone-Learmonth
• "Wine Grapes" by Jancis Robinson, Julia Harding, and José Vouillamoz