Heterocrine gland

Heterocrine gland is a type of gland that has both endocrine and exocrine functions. This means that it can secrete hormones directly into the bloodstream (endocrine function) and also release substances through a duct to the outside of the body or into a cavity (exocrine function). The pancreas is a prime example of a heterocrine gland.

Structure

The structure of a heterocrine gland is complex, as it must accommodate both endocrine and exocrine functions. The gland is typically divided into distinct regions, each responsible for a different type of secretion. In the pancreas, for example, the exocrine tissue forms clusters called acini, while the endocrine tissue is organized into Islets of Langerhans.

Function

The function of a heterocrine gland depends on the specific substances it secretes. In the case of the pancreas, the exocrine function involves the production and release of digestive enzymes into the small intestine. The endocrine function, on the other hand, involves the secretion of hormones like insulin and glucagon into the bloodstream to regulate blood sugar levels.

Clinical significance

Diseases of the heterocrine glands can have serious health implications. For instance, diabetes mellitus is a condition that results from the pancreas' inability to produce enough insulin or use it effectively. Pancreatitis, an inflammation of the pancreas, can also occur due to various reasons, including excessive alcohol consumption and gallstones.

See also

• Endocrine gland
• Exocrine gland
• Pancreas
• Islets of Langerhans
• Diabetes mellitus
• Pancreatitis