Histrionic personality

Histrionic Personality Disorder (HPD) is a mental disorder characterized by a pattern of excessive emotionality and attention-seeking behavior that begins by early adulthood and is present in a variety of contexts. Individuals with HPD are often described as lively, dramatic, vivacious, enthusiastic, and flirtatious. HPD falls under the category of Cluster B personality disorders, which are marked by dramatic, overly emotional, or unpredictable thinking or behavior and includes other disorders such as Borderline Personality Disorder, Narcissistic Personality Disorder, and Antisocial Personality Disorder.

Symptoms and Diagnosis

The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5), published by the American Psychiatric Association, lists several criteria for the diagnosis of Histrionic Personality Disorder. These include discomfort in situations where the person is not the center of attention, interaction with others characterized by inappropriate sexually seductive or provocative behavior, rapidly shifting and shallow expression of emotions, and consistently using physical appearance to draw attention to oneself. Diagnosis requires a comprehensive assessment, often including a clinical interview and standardized questionnaires.

Causes and Risk Factors

The exact cause of Histrionic Personality Disorder is unknown, but a combination of genetic, environmental, and social factors are believed to contribute to its development. These may include inherited personality traits, childhood experiences, and learned behaviors from family members. There is also evidence to suggest that brain abnormalities may play a role in the development of HPD and other personality disorders.

Treatment

Treatment for Histrionic Personality Disorder typically involves psychotherapy, with cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) being one of the most common approaches. CBT helps individuals identify and change problematic, overly dramatic thought and behavior patterns. In some cases, medication may be prescribed to address specific symptoms such as depression or anxiety, though medication is not the primary treatment for HPD.

Prognosis

The prognosis for individuals with Histrionic Personality Disorder varies. With treatment, many people with HPD can learn to relate to others in a more positive and less dramatic manner. However, the chronic nature of personality disorders means that long-term therapy may be required to achieve the best results.

See Also

• Personality Disorder
• Cluster B Personality Disorders
• Psychotherapy
• Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy