Hordenine

Hordenine (N,N-dimethyltyramine) is a naturally occurring alkaloid found primarily in plants of the Cactaceae and Poaceae families. It is a derivative of the amino acid tyramine.

Chemistry

Hordenine is a phenethylamine alkaloid, which are organic compounds that contain a phenethylamine structure. It is chemically classified as a monoamine alkaloid.

Natural occurrence

Hordenine is found in a variety of plant species. It is most commonly found in barley (Hordeum vulgare), but can also be found in other plants such as bitter orange (Citrus aurantium), and certain species of cacti.

Pharmacology

Hordenine is known to act as a selective substrate for MAO-B and can increase the release of norepinephrine in mammals. It can also stimulate the release of norepinephrine in peripheral tissues, which can lead to increased heart rate and blood pressure.

Safety

The safety of hordenine for human consumption has not been well studied. Some sources suggest that it may have similar effects to other stimulants and could potentially lead to harmful side effects if consumed in large amounts.

See also

• Phenethylamine
• Alkaloid
• Monoamine oxidase B
• Norepinephrine

Hordenine Resources
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