Human pelvic girdle

Human Pelvic Girdle

The Human Pelvic Girdle is a complex, basin-shaped structure that forms the lower part of the skeleton. It is designed to support the weight of the upper body and distribute it evenly to the lower extremities. The pelvic girdle also serves as a point of attachment for several muscles and ligaments, and houses and protects the pelvic organs.

The human pelvic girdle

Anatomy

The human pelvic girdle consists of two hip bones, also known as coxal bones or ossa coxae, and the sacrum. Each hip bone is formed by the fusion of three bones during childhood: the ilium, the ischium, and the pubis. These bones are connected to the sacrum at the sacroiliac joints.

Ilium

The ilium is the largest and most superior of the three bones that make up the hip bone. It forms the prominence of the hip and provides attachment for several muscles, including the gluteal muscles.

Ischium

The ischium is located inferior and posterior to the ilium. It is the strongest of the three hip bones and forms the bony support when we sit down.

Pubis

The pubis is located anteriorly and is the smallest of the three bones. It forms the lower border of the pubic symphysis, where the two hip bones meet anteriorly.

Function

The primary function of the pelvic girdle is to support the weight of the upper body and distribute it to the lower extremities. It also serves as a point of attachment for several muscles and ligaments that are involved in movement and stability. Additionally, the pelvic girdle houses and protects the pelvic organs, including the bladder, uterus (in females), and rectum.

Clinical Significance

Conditions that can affect the pelvic girdle include Pelvic girdle pain, fractures, Osteoarthritis, and Pelvic inflammatory disease. Diagnosis and treatment of these conditions often involve a multidisciplinary approach, including orthopedics, physical therapy, and pain management.