Human torpedo

Human Torpedo is a type of underwater naval warfare weapon that was developed by various nations during World War II. Also known as a "chariot" or "maiale" (pig), the human torpedo was a small submarine that could be piloted by one or two individuals.

History

The concept of the human torpedo originated in Italy during the Interwar period. The Italian Navy developed the first operational human torpedoes, known as "maiali" (pigs), which were used with significant success during World War II. The British Royal Navy also developed a similar weapon, known as the "chariot", during the same period.

Design and Operation

A human torpedo typically consists of a small, battery-powered submarine equipped with torpedoes. The pilot and co-pilot sit astride the craft, steering it towards the target and then detaching the warhead, which is designed to explode on contact or after a set period of time. The pilots then attempt to escape.

Notable Missions

One of the most famous missions involving human torpedoes was the attack on the British Royal Navy's base at Alexandria in 1941. Italian frogmen piloting maiali managed to sink two battleships, the HMS Valiant and the HMS Queen Elizabeth, causing significant damage to the British Mediterranean Fleet.

Legacy

The concept of the human torpedo has largely been superseded by modern underwater demolition techniques and unmanned underwater vehicles. However, the daring missions carried out by the pilots of these craft remain a significant part of naval warfare history.

See Also

• Frogman
• Manned Torpedo
• Underwater Demolition Team