Hymenula cerealis

Hymenula cerealis is a species of fungus in the family Sordariaceae. It is a plant pathogen that primarily affects cereal crops, hence its specific epithet cerealis.

Taxonomy

The species was first described in the scientific literature by the mycologist Pier Andrea Saccardo in 1886. It belongs to the genus Hymenula, which comprises around 30 species of fungi.

Description

Hymenula cerealis is characterized by its small, brown, and spherical fruiting bodies known as perithecia. These structures contain numerous asci, each of which typically contains eight ascospores. The ascospores are hyaline, ellipsoid, and have a smooth surface.

Distribution and habitat

Hymenula cerealis is found worldwide, particularly in regions where cereal crops are grown. It thrives in temperate climates and is commonly found on dead or decaying plant material, especially cereal straw.

Pathogenicity

As a plant pathogen, Hymenula cerealis can cause significant damage to cereal crops. It is known to cause a disease known as strawbreaker foot rot or eyespot in wheat. The fungus infects the plant through the roots and lower stem, causing lesions and potentially leading to yield loss.

Management

Management of Hymenula cerealis involves a combination of cultural practices, chemical control, and the use of resistant varieties. Crop rotation and removal of infected plant debris can help reduce the presence of the fungus in the field. Fungicides can also be used to control the disease, although resistance to certain fungicides has been reported.

See also

• List of wheat diseases
• Plant pathology