Iliac colon

Iliac colon is a part of the colon, specifically the large intestine, that is located in the iliac fossa, the region of the lower abdomen. It is also known as the sigmoid colon due to its S-shape. The term "iliac" refers to the ilium, the largest bone of the pelvis, and "colon" is derived from the Greek word "kolon" meaning "large intestine".

Anatomy

The iliac colon is the third part of the colon, following the ascending colon and transverse colon. It begins at the level of the iliac crest, where it is continuous with the descending colon, and ends at the rectum. It is approximately 40 cm long and is located in the pelvis, where it forms a loop that resembles the letter 'S'. This is why it is also referred to as the sigmoid colon.

Function

The main function of the iliac colon is to store the fecal matter that is to be eliminated from the body. It also absorbs water and electrolytes from the fecal matter, which helps to solidify the stool.

Clinical significance

Diseases and conditions that can affect the iliac colon include diverticulosis, colorectal cancer, inflammatory bowel disease such as Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis, and irritable bowel syndrome.

See also

• Colon (anatomy)
• Large intestine
• Ilium (bone)

References

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