Indian Hemp Drugs Commission

Indian Hemp Drugs Commission

The Indian Hemp Drugs Commission of 1893-1894 was a comprehensive study conducted by the British Government in India to assess the social and moral impacts of cannabis use. This landmark investigation remains one of the most detailed and extensive examinations of marijuana and its effects. The commission was established in response to growing concerns over the drug's consumption and the potential need for regulation. The findings of the commission have been cited in numerous debates on cannabis policy both in historical and contemporary contexts.

Background

In the late 19th century, the British colonial administration in India became increasingly concerned about the widespread use of cannabis in various forms, including bhang, ganja, and charas. These concerns were not only related to health but also to the social order and productivity of the population. As a result, the government appointed a seven-member commission, led by British Indian Army officer Sir John Strachey, to investigate the cultivation of the cannabis plant, the preparation of drugs from it, the social and moral impact of its consumption, and possible prohibition.

Commission's Work

The commission conducted an extensive survey over a period of more than a year, covering a vast geographical area. It gathered evidence from medical experts, religious leaders, cannabis users, government officials, and police officers. The commission's methodology was thorough and included questionnaires, interviews, and on-site visits.

Findings

The commission's report, published in 1894, comprised more than 3,000 pages and concluded that moderate use of hemp drugs was practically attended by no evil results at all. It suggested that excessive use did lead to physical and mental health issues but was less harmful than the abuse of alcohol. Importantly, the report argued against the prohibition of cannabis, stating that such measures would be unjustifiable and ineffective. It recommended the regulation of cannabis rather than outright prohibition, emphasizing the importance of controlling the sale and distribution of the drug.

Impact

The findings of the Indian Hemp Drugs Commission had a significant impact on the colonial drug policy in India and have been referenced in numerous discussions on drug policy reform worldwide. The commission's report is often cited by advocates of drug legalization or decriminalization, highlighting its conclusions on the relative harmlessness of cannabis compared to other substances and the ineffectiveness of prohibition.

Contemporary Relevance

Today, the Indian Hemp Drugs Commission report is considered a valuable historical document in the study of cannabis and drug policy. Its comprehensive approach and findings continue to inform debates on cannabis legalization and regulation. The commission's work is a reminder of the complex social, cultural, and health-related issues surrounding cannabis use, which are still relevant in today's discussions on drug policy.

See Also

• Cannabis in India
• History of medical cannabis
• Drug policy of the United Kingdom
• Legal history of cannabis in the United States