Influenzavirus C

Influenzavirus C is a genus of the Orthomyxoviridae family in the virology of influenza. Unlike Influenzavirus A and Influenzavirus B, Influenzavirus C infections are typically milder and are associated with cold-like symptoms.

Structure and Composition

Influenzavirus C is a spherical virus with a diameter of approximately 80-120 nanometers. It is an enveloped virus, meaning it has a lipid bilayer derived from the host cell membrane. The genome of Influenzavirus C is composed of seven segments of single-stranded, negative-sense RNA.

Pathogenesis

Influenzavirus C primarily infects humans and pigs. The virus is transmitted through respiratory droplets. In humans, the virus primarily targets the upper respiratory tract, causing mild respiratory illness. However, in rare cases, it can cause severe disease, especially in individuals with underlying health conditions.

Epidemiology

Influenzavirus C is less common than Influenzavirus A and B, but it is still a significant cause of respiratory illness. The virus circulates globally and can cause outbreaks, especially in closed settings like schools and nursing homes. Unlike Influenzavirus A and B, there is no seasonal pattern to Influenzavirus C infections.

Prevention and Treatment

There is currently no vaccine available for Influenzavirus C. Prevention strategies primarily involve good hygiene practices, such as hand washing and covering the mouth and nose when coughing or sneezing. Treatment is usually supportive, focusing on relieving symptoms and preventing complications.

See Also

• Influenza
• Influenzavirus A
• Influenzavirus B
• Orthomyxoviridae